Medulloblastoma is a malignant brain tumor diagnosed in children. Chemotherapy has improved survival rates to approximately 70%; however, children are often left with long-term treatment side effects. New therapies that maintain a high cure rate while reducing off-target toxicity are required. We describe for the first time the use of a bacteriophage-peptide display library to identify heptapeptides that bind to medulloblastoma cells. Two heptapeptides that demonstrated high [E1-3 (<b>1</b>)] or low [E1-7 (<b>2</b>)] medulloblastoma cell binding affinity were synthesized. The potential of the peptides to deliver a therapeutic drug to medulloblastoma cells with specificity was investigated by conjugating E1-3 (<b>1</b>) or E1-7 (<b>2</b>) to doxorubicin (<b>5</b>). Both peptide-drug conjugates were cytotoxic to medulloblastoma cells. E1-3 doxorubicin (<b>3</b>) could permeabilize an in vitro blood-brain barrier and showed a marked reduction in cytotoxicity compared to free doxorubicin (<b>5</b>) in nontumor cells. This study provides proof-of-concept for developing peptide-drug conjugates to inhibit medulloblastoma cell growth while minimizing off-target toxicity.