Flavonoid and Lignan Glycosides from the Leaves of Melia Azedarach

Chemistry of Natural Compounds
2020.0

Abstract

Melia azedarach L., a deciduous species of the Meliaceae family, is distributed widely in southern districts of the Yellow River in China at altitudes from 500 to 2100 m [1]. According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the fresh leaves of M. azedarach were used as an insect repellent for Oncomelania hupensis, and the powder of rhizomes as a therapeutic medicine for tinea imbricata [2]. Phytochemical investigations on the leaves of this species led to the isolation of peptides [3], meliacarpin-type limonoids [4], flavonoid glycosides [5, 6], glycerides [7], carotenoid-like compounds [8], and triterpenoids [9]. The present study reports five glycosides isolated from the leaves of M. azedarach, and their structures were elucidated as quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), quercetin-3-O-(6′′-α-rhamnosyl-β-galactopyranoside) (3), myricetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), and (+)-syringaresinol-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5). This is the first report of compounds 1–5 from the genus Melia, and 2–5 from the family Meliaceae.

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