A new alkaloid, culantraramine, has been found in Zanthoxylum culantrillo, and the known alkaloid, alfileramine, has been identified from Z. coriaceum. Both alkaloids are members of a new structural type, bishordeninyl terpenes. Z. culantrillo was also found to contain eudesmin, epieudesmin, hordenine, N-methylisocorydine, magnoflorine, candicine, skimmianine, synephrine, tembetarine and a dihydroxy-dimethoxytetrahydroprotoberberine. Isolated from Z. coriaceum were N-methylisocorydine, dihydrochelerythrine, chelerythrine, N-methylcanadine and aegiline, in addition to alfileramine. © 1980.