Flavonoids of three local Senecio species

Phytochemistry
1981.0

Abstract

Two isorhamnetin glycosides and two sulphated derivatives are reported for the first time in the genus Senecio. The flavonoids of Senecio L. species were first studied when rutin (quercetin 3-rutinoside) was reported in S. erraticus Benth. subsp. barbareifolius Koch. [1], as well as the flowers of S. jacobaea L. [2]. The 3-glucosides and 3 rutinosides of both kaempferol and quercetin, and apigenin 7-glucoside as well as the rare 3-methylquercetin were later identified in 25 Senecio species [3]. Also present was the rare 6,8-di-C-rhamnosylapigenin and, in one species only (S. tamoides), the xanthone C-glucosides, mangiferin and isomangiferin [3].In the present study, three local species were studied. The flavonoids present were identified as the 3-glucosides of quercetin and isorhamnetin and isorhamnetin 3 rutinoside. Also present were the 3-monosulphate and 3,7(?)-disulphate of isorhamnetin (see Table 1). No C-glycosides of flavones or xanthones were detected.The presence of quercetin 3-glucoside is common in the Compositae [4,5]. On the other hand, the variation in the flavonoid chemistry within the Senecio species is not unexpected. Senecio is a cosmopolitan genus with about 1500 species, and chromosome numbers ranging fromx = 5 to 90 [6]. This represents the largest variation within the tribe Senecioneae.

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