The leaf oils, from the leaves and terminal branchlets, of the three species of the genus Actinostrobus have been investigated. Actinostrobus pyramidalis gave oils rich in a-pinene (60–78%) and limonene (1–17%). They also contained small amounts (each <7%) of citronellal, citronellyl acetate and citronellol. Actinostrobus arenarius gave similar oil with a-pinene (40–76%) and limonene (1–28%, the majority being <2%) being the major components. Citronellal, citronellyl acetate and citronellol were also present, with each being <10%. Actinostrobus acuminatus gave a leaf oil in which a-pinene (17–79%), limonene (1–39%) and spathulenol (6–17%) were the major components. Citronellal, citronellyl acetate and citronellol were not found in the oils of this species.