<jats:title>Summary</jats:title> <jats:p>The chemical composition of the dichloromethane extract of <jats:italic>Eucalyptus globulus</jats:italic> wood cultivated in Portugal was studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, prior to and after alkaline hydrolysis. In addition to previously identified lipophilic extractives, 22 free or esterified compounds (14 fatty acids, 2 fatty alcohols and 6 aromatic compounds) were identified for the first time in <jats:italic>E. globulus</jats:italic> wood. One of these, ferulic acid, was esterified with three different fatty alcohols and with two α-hydroxyfatty acids. Some of the newly identified compounds, particularly the a-hydroxy-fatty acids are responsible for recently reported pitch problems during pulp production in a Portuguese mill. The differences found in the <jats:italic>E. globulus</jats:italic> chemical composition, when compared with published data, are expected to be related to variations in the location of growth and genetic factors.