1. The content of total alkaloids in the hypogeal parts of Andrachne rotundifolia C. A. Mey. (family Euphorbicease) is 0.2-0.3% and in the epigeal parts 0.06-0.08%. The total alkaloids in both the hypogeal and the epigeal parts of Andrachne rotundifolia consist of five or six non-phenolic bases. 2. Three individual substances have been isolated: andrachnine C11H17NO2, which is a new alkaloid; base (II), giving a perchlorate with mp 139°-140° C; and base (III) with mp 135°-136° C. © 1967 The Faraday Press, Inc.