Glaucium vitellinum Boiss and Buhse population Isfahan was shown to contain four major alkaloids, dicentrine (0.8%), bulbocapnine (0.4%), protopine (0.35%), salutaridine (0.2%,), and twelve minor alkaloids, chelidonine, glaucine, orydine, isocorydine, -methyllindcarpine, neolitsine, α-allocryptopine, N-methyllaurotetanine, dehvdrodicentrine, dicentrinone, dihydrosanguinarine, dihydrochelerythrine. Neolitsine was found for the first time in Papaveraceae; dihydrosanguinarine and dihydrochelerythrine were detected for the first time in Glaucium. In addition, 4-hydroxybulbocapnine was also isolated and reported for the first time. © 1979, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.