Thiophene bioisosteres of GluN2B selective NMDA receptor antagonists: Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of [7]annuleno[b]thiophen-6-amines

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
2020.0

Abstract

Thiophene bioisosteres of potent GluN2B receptor negative allosteric modulators were prepared and evaluated pharmacologically. The five-step synthesis of 4,5,7,8-tetrahydro[7]annuleno[b]thiophen-6-one (10) was considerably improved by carboxylation of thiophene-3-carboxylic acid (8) in the first reaction step. Reductive amination and alkylation led to three homologous series of secondary and tertiary phenylalkylamines 5, 11 and 12. Metalation, reaction with 1-formylpiperidine and subsequent reduction provided hydroxymethyl derivatives 15 and 16, which had been designed as bioisosteres of phenols. 2-Bromo derivatives 18 were obtained by bromination of ketone 10 with NBS and subsequent reductive amination. High GluN2B affinity was achieved with [7]annuleno[b]thiophenes bearing a 3-phenylpropylamino or 4-phenylbutylamino moiety (e.g. 5c: K<sub>i</sub> = 5.9 nM; 11d: K<sub>i</sub> = 9.0 nM). Tertiary ethylamines 12 showed lower GluN2B affinity than tertiary methylamines 11 or secondary amines 5 (e.g. 5c: K<sub>i</sub> = 5.9 nM; 11c: K<sub>i</sub> = 6.0; 12c: K<sub>i</sub> = 51 nM). A Br-atom or a hydroxymethyl moiety in 2-position were less tolerated by the GluN2B receptor. Very similar relationships between the structure and GluN2B affinity and structure and σ affinity, in particular σ<sub>2</sub> affinity, were detected. A slight preference for the ifenprodil binding site of GluN2B receptors over σ<sub>1</sub> and σ<sub>2</sub> receptors was found for methylamines 11c (≈2-fold) and 11d (≈1.5-2-fold) as well as for bromo derivative 18c (≈3-fold).

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