The trunk wood of an Aniba (Lauraceae) species collected 130 km north of Manaus (Amazonas) contained, besides elemicin (3,4,5-trimethoxyallylbenzene), three burchellin-type neolignans (1a, 1b, 2) previously isolated from A. terminalis [2, 3] and five novel neolignans, four of the canellin type (3a, 3b, 3f, 4b) and one of the guianin type (4a). For reasons stated in the previous paper in this series [1], nomenclature and numbering of neolignans follow the rules which were outlined in a recent review [4]. Balanophora tobiracola Makino (Japanese name Kiiretsuchitorimochi), one of seven Balanophoraceous plants in Japan, parasitizes the terminal roots of host plant such as Pittosporum tobira Ait. and is distributed from southern Japan to Taiwan [1]. Several triterpenes and phenylpropanoids have been reported previously from B. japonica Makino [2], B. polyandra Griff. [3] and B. indica Wall. [4] and several flavones from Lophophytum Leandri Eirchl. [5] and Juelia subterranea [6]. This paper describes the phytochemistry of B. tobiracola Makino.