The aerial parts of Calotis dentex afforded two known C,, -acetylemc esters and a new compound, Zdehydromatrlcarlanol acetate, while those of C. muhcaulis gave Centaur X, and two new esters, the angelate of Edehydromatrlcarlanol and the very unusual 5-acetoxy-8Z-deca-l,8-dien-3,6-dlyne. The aerial parts of C. erlnacea afforded, m addltlon to several known acetylenes, three new esters of dehydromatrlcarlanol while the roots gave, m addltlon to matrlcarlaester and dehydromatrlcarlaester, two unusual C 17 -ketones. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The chemotaxonomy 1s discussed briefly.