The flavonoid chemosystematics of Egyptian Verbena species

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology
2000.0

Abstract

This study examined the flavonoid chemosystematics of two Verbena species (V. ozcinalis and V. supina) from Egypt. Dried plant materials were extracted with 70% ethanol, fractionated on polyamide columns using water and increasing concentrations of ethanol, and further purified via Whatman No. 3MM paper chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 columns. The structures of isolated flavonoids were elucidated using standard methods—complete/mild acid hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, co-chromatography with authentic samples, and UV spectroscopy—with H¹-NMR confirming two uncommon flavonoids (luteolin-7-neohesperidoside and diosmetin-7-neohesperidoside). Eight flavonoid glycosides were identified: apigenin-7-glucoside, luteolin-7-glucoside, luteolin-7-galactoside, luteolin-7-neohesperidoside, diosmetin-7-glucoside, diosmetin-7-galactoside, diosmetin-7-neohesperidoside, and chrysoeriol-7-galactoside. Distribution analysis showed that luteolin-7-neohesperidoside and diosmetin-7-neohesperidoside were major components in V. ozcinalis, while diosmetin-7-glucoside was the major component in V. supina. Both species contained trace amounts of apigenin-7-glucoside and chrysoeriol-7-galactoside, as well as varying levels of luteolin-7-glucoside, luteolin-7-galactoside, and diosmetin-7-galactoside. These flavonoid profiles support the classification of the two taxa as distinct species, with only minor quantitative differences between fresh and herbarium samples.

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