The cytotoxic alkaloids nordeoxyharringtonine (2), homodeoxyharringtonine (3), and bishomodeoxyharringtonine (4) were isolated from the leaves and stems of Cephalotaxus harringtonia var. drupacea. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral data and chemical evidence. The genus Cephalotaxus (Cephalotaxaceae) has long been known to contain antileukemic alkaloids such as harringtonine, homoharringtonine, isoharringtonine and deoxyharringtonine (1). A recent investigation in our search for novel antileukemic compounds from native Japanese plants has resulted in the isolation of three congeners of 1, nordeoxyharringtonine (2), homodeoxyharringtonine (3), and bishomodeoxyharringtonine (4) from C. harringtonia var. drupacea (Sieb. & Zucc.) Koidzumi (Cephalotaxaceae). Compounds 2 and 4 proved to be novel alkaloids. Although compound 3, homodeoxyharringtonine, has been shown to be present in cell cultures of the title plant by using GC-MS, this is the first reported isolation from the natural source. We report herein the isolation and characterization of these alkaloids and their antileukemic activity against P-388 leukemia cells.